Ningbo might be where mahjong was first formalized over a century ago. The variant from this port city still has its own rules, and they're worth knowing if you care about where the game came from.
China has more regional mahjong variants than anyone can count, so someone had to write a standardized ruleset for competitions. MCR is that ruleset. 81 recognized scoring patterns.
Someone wins and the game just... keeps going. The remaining players play on until everyone wins or the wall runs out. That's 血战到底, Bloody Battle to the End.
Ponjan (you probably know it as Donjara) strips mahjong down to its essentials. Same satisfaction of collecting sets, way fewer rules. Originally designed for kids, but honestly fun for anyone.
Taiwanese Mahjong deals you 16 tiles instead of 13. Three extra tiles doesn't sound like much until you realize how much it opens up your hand-building options.